Turnkey construction of brick houses is a relevant solution for landowners and eliminates many problems. However the choice of materials remains with the future owner of the home, and only he determines how reliable and comfortable his home will be. Who will benefit from the construction of houses from timber, and who from brick, depends on the requirements of the owner of the future home.
Types of bricks
Manufacturers supply many types of construction bricks made from various materials to the country’s markets. They are intended for the construction of walls, stoves, foundations, facade finishing, and even interiors. Therefore, they can differ dramatically in their properties and characteristics, texture, or surface relief.
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Ceramic
Ceramic solid products are considered to be among the best if the emphasis is on strength when laying walls. When building houses from brick, they, with the shape of a parallelepiped, are ideal for any architectural style, but there are also other configurations in demand for projects. Main properties:
- versatility and aesthetics;
- high wear resistance, fire resistance;
- resistance to temperature changes;
- good insulating properties.
It is made from clay of medium plasticity and additives that improve the quality and physical properties.
Hyperpressed
Here is another brick that may be needed when building a house. It is created using a non-fired method. Finely ground limestone rocks are pressed under high pressure and combined with cement and water, which make up 10% of the total mass. It is used for facing facades, fireplaces, and constructing basements. It has several advantages, such as:
- unique strength;
- resistance to negative environmental influences;
- low water absorption;
- minimum deviation from the established dimensions (no more than 0.5 mm);
- variety of colors and textures.
The disadvantages of hyper-pressed products include their weight, due to which the load on the foundation increases significantly. Due to high vapor permeability, they are not suitable for load-bearing walls.
Silicate
Silicate was invented at the end of the 19th century and soon became popular. Advantages over other types:
- price
- adhesion to masonry mortars
- strength, frost resistance
- decorative properties.
You can determine which brick to use for construction yourself. Silicate is 15-30% heavier than ceramics and even limestone. It has low moisture resistance and increased moisture absorption. High temperatures are destructive for it. It cannot be used for the construction of chimneys and fireboxes.
Fireclay
The composition consists only of highly crushed fireclay and chamotte-kaolin, fired until it loses its plasticity. This is the kind of brick that is best suited for building home and industrial stoves, fireplaces, and chimneys, as it is characterized by high fire resistance and resistance to temperature changes. The masonry is fastened with a mixture of cement and liquid glass. Sometimes sand is added.
Clinker
Refractory clay is used in production, which is fired at 1200 ° C. Due to this, a virtually monolithic stone is obtained, without voids and foreign inclusions. The corresponding bricks according to GOST are suitable for the construction of structures on problematic soils, with humidity, in sewerage, construction of ventilation shafts and chimneys.
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Brand of brick
Marking allows you to find out the properties. The determining parameter is the density of the brick, which depends on the porosity and the amount of moisture absorbed during laying. The total weight of the wall and the type of foundation depend on the density. Thanks to the brands of bricks, you can find out their strength. GOST defines 8 standards, from M-75 to M-300, with a gradually increasing indicator. Strong products are suitable for load-bearing walls, M-75 – for cladding, and M-100 and 150 for small buildings. Frost resistance is indicated using the symbol F and a gradation of numbers up to 100.
Building houses from bricks is considered the most reliable solution for the private sector. The operational life of buildings is long, and their appearance corresponds to architectural samples.
